Cortistatin

Neuromodulation / Anti-Inflammatory

Also known as: CST, Cortistatin-14, Cortistatin-17

Somatostatin-Related PeptidesResearch phase: PreclinicalRegulatory: Not approved. Endogenous neuropeptide. Under investigation for inflammatory diseases.

Mechanism

Cortistatin is a brain peptide related to somatostatin that promotes slow-wave sleep and has potent anti-inflammatory effects. Unlike somatostatin, it also binds the ghrelin receptor.

Technical detail

Cortistatin is a neuropeptide (14 or 17 aa) sharing 11 of 14 residues with somatostatin-14 and binding all five somatostatin receptors (SST1-5). Uniquely, it also binds the ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a) and its own receptor MrgX2. It induces slow-wave sleep (unlike somatostatin), reduces cortical activity, and is a potent anti-inflammatory agent suppressing Th1/Th17 responses, TNF-α, and IL-6 in autoimmune models.

Evidence

  • Cortistatin-17 and -14 exert the same endocrine activities as somatostatin in humans

    Gottero C, Prodam F, Destefanis S, Benso A, Gauna C, Me E, Filtri L, Riganti F, Van Der Lely AJ, Ghigo E, Broglio F (2004) — Growth Horm IGF Res — PMID: 15336231

    In six healthy male volunteers, IV cortistatin-17 suppressed basal and stimulated GH secretion similarly to somatostatin, also reduced spontaneous insulin secretion, and blunted ghrelin-induced GH responses without changing glucose.

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